WP 11

Lawrence Livermore and Lockheed Martin are two organizations that work with DHS to do research that helps protect the nation’s infrastructure from nuclear attacks. The following pages introduce a few technologies researched by governmental labs to detect potential radiation hazards, and then go on to evaluate their effectiveness. The main equipment that DHS is involved in developing is sensor technology.

I. LLNL -Detection Networks LLNL’s Detection and Tracking System (DTS) uses dispersed sensors to track radiological and nuclear materials being tracked on roads and highways in the US. The DTS uses remote sensors to give early warning for potential threats. It consists of a network of nodes linked by wireless communication to a command location, which contain sensors that measure gamma rays and neutrons. As potential threats that are traveling through a network are scanned, traffic information extrapolates the expected path the vehicle will take. This provides law enforcement with a way to intercept potential hazards.

What makes this work is constant evaluation of sensor performance, as well as human intelligence detecting threats based on sensor data.

	Cargo container screening is also a LLNL technology in use by the DHS.  	A facility called ICONEX is part of an attempt to detect WMD’s and dirty bombs.  It was designed for the purpose of testing radiation detection technology against realistic threats.  This facility helps various agencies with cargo screening.  A system called ARAM (Adaptable Radiation Area Monitor) is a very sensitive portable detection system that is ideal for monitoring relatively small movable items, such as cargo.  The ARAM system currently designed screens objects that pass by a portal and detects any radionuclides that may be present.  

-Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Aluminum Antimonide Radiation Detectors RadNet Cell Phones Mechanically cooled Germanium spectrometers Ultra High Resolution Spectrometers

-Gamma Ray Imaging

-Neutron Detection

-Antineutrino Detection

Protection from Dirty Bombs

Lockheed Martin NBC Defense Systems

Chemical Biological and Radiological Early Warning System

Building Protection System Integration

Advanced NBC Filtration Systems